MEEG 441
Turbomachinery
3 Cr.
Introduction to Turbomachines: Basic Principles
Definition of a Turbomachine, Classification of Turbomachine, The Fundamental Laws, The Equation of Continuity, The First Law of Thermodynamics: (The Steady Flow Energy Equation), The Momentum Equation, The Second Law of Thermodynamics—Entropy, Bernoulli’s Equation, Problems
Gas Power Cycles
Basic Considerations in the Analysis of Power Cycles, An Overview of Reciprocating Engines, Otto Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Spark-Ignition Engines, Diesel Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Compression-Ignition Engines, Dual cycle, Brayton Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Gas-Turbine Engines, Development of Gas Turbines, Deviation of Actual Gas-Turbine Cycles from Idealized Ones, The Brayton Cycle With Regeneration, The Brayton Cycle With Intercooling, Reheating, And Regeneration
Vapor Power Cycles
The Carnot Vapor Cycle, Rankine Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Vapor Power Cycles, Energy Analysis of the Ideal Rankine Cycle, Deviation of Actual Vapor Power Cycles from Idealized Ones, Method Of Increasing The Efficiency Of The Rankine Cycle, The Ideal Reheat Rankine Cycle, The Ideal Regenerative Rankine Cycle, Open Feed-water Heaters, Closed Feed-water Heaters, Combined Gas–Vapor Power Cycles, Binary Vapor Cycles
Steam Nozzles
Introduction, Steam Flow through Nozzles, Velocity of Steam, Discharge through the Nozzle and Conditions for its Maximum Value, Nozzle Efficiency, General Relationship between Area, Velocity and Pressure in Nozzle Flow
Steam Turbines
Definition, Classification of Steam Turbine, Advantages of steam turbines over steam engines, Methods of reducing rotor speed (Compounding of turbines): Velocity compounding, Pressure compounding, and Pressure-Velocity compounding, Simple Impulse Turbine, Basics of Impulse Turbine, Construction and Working of Impulse Turbine, Disadvantages of Impulse Turbine, Velocity Diagram/Velocity Triangle, Work Output, Power, Blade Efficiency and Stage Efficiency, Reaction Turbine, Velocity Diagram for Reaction Turbine Blade, Work Output & Power in Reaction Turbine, Degree of Reaction in Reaction Turbine, Impulse turbine Vs. Reaction turbine, Governing of Turbines, Throttle Governing, Nozzle Governing, By-pass Governing, Losses in Steam Turbines, Effect of Blade Friction in Steam turbines, Overall Efficiency & Reheat Factor
Gas Turbines and Jet Propulsion
Gas Turbines – General Aspects, Classification of Gas Turbines, Merits of Gas Turbines, Constant Pressure Combustion Gas Turbines, Constant Volume Combustion Turbines, Uses of Gas Turbines, Gas Turbine Fuels, Jet Propulsion
Wind Turbines
Introduction, Origin of wind, Variation in wind Speed, Types of Wind Turbine, Components of Wind Power Plant, Outline of the Theory, Estimating the Power Output, Power Output Range, Blade Element Theory
Centrifugal Pumps, Fans and Compressors
Introduction, Some Definitions, Thermodynamic Analysis of a Centrifugal Compressor, Diffuser Performance Parameters, Inlet Velocity Limitations at the Eye, Optimum Design of a Pump Inlet, Optimum Design of a Centrifugal Compressor Inlet, Slip Factor, Head Increase of a Centrifugal Pump, Performance of Centrifugal Compressors, the Diffuser System, Choking in a Compressor Stage
Boiler
Introduction, Classification of Boilers, Comparison between ‘Fire – Tube’ and ‘Water – Tube’ Boilers, Selection of a Boiler, Essentials of a Good Steam Boiler, Boiler Terms, Fire Tube Boilers, Water Tube Boilers, High Pressure Boilers, Combustion Equipment for Steam Boilers
References:
1. S. L. Dixon and C.A. Hall, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, 6th edition, London, 2012.
2. R.K. Rajput, Thermal Engineering, 10th Edition, India, 2015
3. Çengel, Y. A., and Boles, M. A., Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 8thEdition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2015